Cytokine Signaling by the JAK STAT Pathway
The JAK-STAT signaling pathway transmits information from chemical signals outside the cell, through the cell membrane, and into gene promoters on...
PI3K/AKT signaling pathway
Since its initial discovery as a proto-oncogene, the serine/threonine kinase Akt (also known as protein kinase B or PKB) has become...
Tarceva Mechanism Of Action
Erlotinib hydrochloride (originally coded as OSI-774) is a drug used to treat non-small cell lung cancer, pancreatic cancer and several other...
Microtubules
Microtubules are one of the components of the cytoskeleton. They have a diameter of 25 nm and length varying from 200...
Mode of Action of Tipranavir in HIV
Tipranavir, or tipranavir disodium, is a nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI) manufactured by Boehringer-Ingelheim under the trade name Aptivus. It is administered...
Sarcomere Contraction Animation
A sarcomere is the basic unit of a muscle's cross-striated myofibril. Sarcomeres are multi-protein complexes composed of three different filament systems....
RESTRICTION ENZYME
A restriction enzyme (or restriction endonuclease) is an enzyme that cuts double-stranded or single stranded DNA at specific recognition nucleotide sequences...
Norovirus Animation
Norovirus, an RNA virus of the Caliciviridae taxonomic family, causes approximately 90% of epidemic non-bacterial outbreaks of gastroenteritis around the world,...
Krebs Cycle
The citric acid cycle, also known as the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA cycle) or the Krebs cycle, (or rarely, the Szent-Györgyi-Krebs...
Urinary Tract Infections (UTI)
A urinary tract infection (UTI) is a bacterial infection that affects any part of the urinary tract. Although urine contains a...
A neuroinformatics perspective on cerebral cortical structure and function
David Van Essen, Washington University, St. Louis, USA. Keynote lecture at Neuroinformatics 2008 in Stockholm, Sweden. ...
Ligand binding and action of microswitches
Ligand binding and action of microswitches in G protein coupled receptors. Slawomir Filipek, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Warsaw,...
Paramecium Dividing
Paramecia are unicellular organisms usually less than 0.25mm in length and covered with minute hair-like projections called cilia. They are characterized...
Paramecium caudatum in conjugation
Paramecium caudatum are unicellular organisms belonging to the genus of protozoa of the phylum Ciliophora. They are less than 0.25mm in...
Ribosome
Ribosomes (from ribonucleic acid and "greek: soma (meaning body)") are complexes of RNA and protein that are found in all cells....
Bacterial conjugation
Bacterial conjugation is the transfer of genetic material between bacteria through direct cell-to-cell contact. Discovered in 1946 by Joshua Lederberg and...
DNA STRUCTURE
In 1951, the then 23-year old biologist James Watson traveled from the United States to work with Francis Crick, an English...
